Simple Guide to Congenital Heart Defects Patients

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A congenital heart defect (CHD) is an abnormality of structure or function of the heart. This may include conditions affecting the walls of the body, the blood vessels that carry blood to and from it, and the valves that regulate blood flow. Some CHDs are smaller and do not cause noticeable symptoms. Others are serious and may put the patient's life at risk.

Symptoms vary with the type of defect has suffered, as well as its severity. In this article we explore some of the most common CHDs simple, including sepal defects and valve problems.

Atria Sepal Defects

Within the heart, the left atrium and ventricle are separated from the right atrium and ventricle by a wall. This wall is called the septum. This prevents the venous blood from the right side to mix with freshly oxygenated blood from the left side. Many babies are born with a hole in that wall. When the hole is located between the atria (two upper chambers of the heart) is called an atria sepal defect (ASD).

When an ASD is small, the symptoms may be barely noticeable. Even if the blood between the right and left sides are allowed to mix, the amount that does this is insignificant and therefore does not represent a significant problem. When the defect is larger, the symptoms are more pronounced. A greater volume of oxygenated blood in the left atrium flows back into the right atrium instead of being pumped out of the heart to the rest of the body. Treatment is often necessary.

Ventricular sepal defect

A ventricular sepal defect (VSD) is similar to an ASD. The difference is that the hole is located between the two ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). The effect is essentially the same. Oxygen-rich blood that could be pumped into the aorta is allowed to flow back into the right ventricle. Consequently, less oxygen is available to the rest of the body.

A small VSD is unlikely to have serious consequences. A larger hole, however, can cause difficulty, fatigue, breathing deeply, and in extreme cases, cyanosis due to a severe lack of oxygen in blood cells. Occasionally, a large ventricular sepal defect can cause pulmonary hypertension, a condition where high blood pressure causes the heart to work harder. Unless the sepal hole is corrected, the patient may eventually experience heart failure.

Valve abnormalities

The heart is equipped with valves that control blood flow between the chambers and arteries attached to them. The right atrium and ventricle are separated by the tricuspid valve, the left atrium and ventricle are separated by the mitral valve, blood flows from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries through the pulmonary valve, and moves blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the valve aorta.

These valves can be sick in some ways. First, they cannot close completely, allowing blood to flow backward. Second, they can be hard, and therefore not open properly. When this happens, the cameras are unable to empty. Third, a valve may be unable to open to all.

Signs of a defective valve vary based on which valve is affected. For example, a regurgitation - or "leakage" - the mitral valve prevents oxygen-rich blood to be distributed to the body. This leads to fatigue and related problems. The steno tic - or drive - pulmonary valve can increase blood pressure in the right ventricle, leading to possible heart failure.

It is noteworthy that mild congenital heart defects may not require any treatment. In fact, many adults are living with a CHD simple, without realizing that they have one. If a disease is severe, however, the treatment may be necessary to improve the quality of life of patients. Some defects such as ASD can be corrected with the use of a catheter. Others may require invasive surgery.

As always, consult your doctor to discuss treatment options due to their condition. In many cases, a minimally invasive approach can be used to solve an existing defect.

Finding the right surgeon or doctor mitral valve heart is crucial. Early diagnosis can lead to successful outcomes.

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Simple Guide to Congenital Heart Defects Patients by heartdefectsblog.blogspot.com